According to Wallace (1956; in Ryan), societies can be subjected to a revitalization process which consists of five stages, although there is no guarantee that any society will exhibit all five stages, or indeed experience them in the order he suggests. The stages are:
a) The steady state:
Social and cultural forces in a dynamic equilibrium, whereby change does take place, but does so within the internal dynamics of the society, which thus retains its integrity and is able to handle processes that may cause stress.
b) The period of increased individual stress:
The society has been pushed out of equilibrium due to some external event. From our viewpoint, such an event can be the developmental of tourism. The previous existing cultural system can no longer satisfy the needs of all of its members. The opportunities and demonstration effects of tourism may create a process of conflict within individuals as they seek to reconcile the developing changes with a framework of values that relates to a previous social and cultural setting.
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